Kharif
These crops require high temperature and humidity at the time of sowing and dry environment at the time of ripening. In North India, they are sown in June-July and they are harvested around October. The word 'Kharif' means 'Autumn' in Arabic language. The Kharif crop is ready in the autumn season in October, hence it is called by this name.Examples of Kharif crops are Paddy (Rice), Maize, Jowar, Bajra, Moong, Groundnut, Sugarcane, Soyabean, Urad, Tur, Kulthi, Jute, Flax, Cotton etc.
Paddy or Rice Paddy
Rice is a major crop from which rice is extracted. It is the staple food of many countries of Asia and the world including India. Paddy is the second largest producer of rice in the world after maize. Ora yza sati wa (whose popular name is 'Asian paddy') is a plant species. It has the smallest genome (only 430 Mb) which is confined to only 12 chromosomes.It is known for its ability to be easily transferable to genetics. This grain is considered a model organism in biology. Rice seeds are called rice. It is obtained by removing the top husk from the paddy. Rice is a staple food consumed throughout the Eastern world. A lot of dishes are made in India, including rice, khichdi. The trend of rice is more in South India and East-South India than North India. It is called 'Tandul' in Sanskrit and 'Arisi' in Tamil.
Maize
Maize is the main crop of the state after paddy in Kharif crops. It is cultivated for grain / corn and green fodder. For good yield of maize, it is necessary that timely sowing, weeding, weed control, balanced use of fertilizers, timely irrigation and agricultural protection should be adopted.To be adopted By adopting the recommended intensive methods, the yield of hybrid/clustered species is easily 35-40 kg. Per hectare can be obtained. Also, being a short duration crop, it is of great importance for multi-cropping farming.
Moong
In Kharif, sowing of moong is generally done in all the districts of the state, but its maximum area is in Jhansi, Fatehpur, Varanasi, Unnao, Rae Bareli and Pratapgarh districts. The average yield of moong is very low due to high incidence of pilomozac disease in Kharif season. Keeping this in mind, emphasis has been laid on making moong cultivation in jayed.
Peanuts
Groundnut is the main oilseed crop of Kharif. It protects the land from being cut by wind and rain. In peanuts, 22-28 percent protein, 10-12 percent carbohydrate and 48-50 percent fat are found. In areas with 100 cm of annual rainfall, the yield of groundnut is good. It is mainly grown in Jhansi, Hardoi, Sitapur, Kheri, Unnao, Bahraich, Bareilly, Badaun, Yun Etah, Farrukhabad, Moradabad and Saharanpur districts.
Sugarcane
Sugarcane is a major cash crop of India, from which sugar, jaggery, liquor etc. are manufactured. Brazil is the largest producer of sugarcane and India is the second largest producer of sugarcane in the world.
Tur
Among the pulse crops, tur is the place after gram in our state, this crop is sown alone and also with other crops. Jowar, bajra, urd and cotton are the major crops sown along with tur. The productivity of our state is more than the all India average. This can be further increased by adopting intensive methods. The sandy loam soil is good for the cultivation of Arhar.Proper drainage and lightly sloping fields are best for tur. It cannot be cultivated successfully in saline and alkaline soil.